§CQ.1 THE FIRST GREAT ADVANCE in algebra after the Middle Ages was the general solution of the cubic equation, immediately followed by a solution for the quartic. I tell the full story in the next ...

Western civilization woke with a start after the slumbers of the medieval age. Universities in Bologna, Oxford, Salamanca, Paris and elsewhere began to flourish. In the early 16th century, several ...

THE contents of this volume fall into three clearly marked sections. Chapters 1–4 (pp. 1–105) lead up to the location and calculation of the real roots of a real algebraic equation ; the cubic and ...

SOME years ago you published some interesting communications in regard to the graphical solution of cubic and quartic equations (vol. lxi. p. 55, vol. lxiii. pp. 515 and 609, vol. lxiv. p. 5). The ...

Given any cubic or quartic equation with real coefficients, it can be transformed by a change of variable into a standard form, and thus solved by means of a double-sided scale (Fig. 1) in the case of ...