The film discusses the evolution of chemistry from alchemy, highlighting key figures like Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier. It explains significant experiments that led to the discovery of ...

Oxygen began entering Earth's oceans around 2.32 billion years ago, and shallow seas followed within a few million years.

Nearly 4,000 m beneath the Pacific, in water so dark that sunlight has never penetrated, scientists have stumbled on a new way that oxygen can appear where it should not exist. The finding, quickly ...

A never-before-seen image of individual oxygen atoms dissolved in water has been captured.

Scientists have directly imaged atomic oxygen in water using a femtosecond laser, revealing unexpected stability and movement ...

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a crucial metric for assessing the organic pollution load in water, reflecting the amount of oxygen required to oxidise organic compounds. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) ...