The cardiomyopathies are heart muscle diseases of primary or secondary origin. Primary cardiomyopathies are often of unknown cause, hence their treatment is limited to general heart failure management ...
Angiotensin II (ATII), a potent vasoconstrictor, causes hypertension, promotes infiltration of myelomonocytic cells into the vessel wall, and stimulates both vascular and inflammatory cell NADPH ...
We previously demonstrated that conditional overexpression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibited L-type Ca 2+ channels and decreased myocardial contractility. However, nNOS has multiple ...
8.1.1. Endovascular Revascularization for Claudication: Recommendations e749 8.1.2. Surgical Revascularization for Claudication: Recommendations e750 9. Management of CLI e750 9.1. Revascularization ...
Reducing blood pressure (BP) is a highly effective strategy for long-term stroke prevention. Despite overwhelmingly clear evidence from randomized trials that antihypertensive therapy substantially ...
As the name atherosclerosis implies, mature plaques typically consist of two main components: soft, lipid-rich atheromatous “gruel” and hard, collagen-rich sclerotic tissue (Fig 1A). The sclerotic ...
Activation of innate pattern-recognition receptors promotes CD4 + T-cell–mediated autoimmune myocarditis and subsequent inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Mechanisms that counterregulate exaggerated ...
The choroidal vasculature, including the choriocapillaris and vortex veins, is essential for providing nutrients to the metabolically demanding photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium. Choroidal ...
The aim of this study was to identify the relative impact of adrenergic and cholinergic activity on atrial fibrillation (AF) inducibility and blood pressure (BP) in a model for obstructive sleep apnea ...
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved pathway that regulates essential aspects of cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and polarity. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin ...
Hypertension affects over 1 billion individuals worldwide. Because the cause of hypertension is known only in a small fraction of patients, most individuals with high blood pressure are diagnosed as ...
It is unknown whether more sensitive cardiac troponin (cTn) assays maintain their clinical utility in patients with renal dysfunction. Moreover, their optimal cutoff levels in this vulnerable patient ...
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