Move over, Calculator. The Messages app can tackle advanced calculations and even convert numbers to different formats.

Although net income and adjusted gross income (AGI) are related, they differ; NI is the residual income after deductions and taxes, while AGI is calculated before these are deducted. Laura Porter / ...

Abstract: In this paper, Polar codes are used to mitigate the fading effect caused by atmospheric turbulence (scintillation) in free space optical (FSO) communication channels. We evaluate the ...